What is the process for determining the type of brain cancer? What tests are performed?
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Expert AnswersDavidReardonMD (Physician - Oncology - Hematology/Oncology (Verified) ) - 07 / 08 / 2012
The process for determining the type of brain cancer affecting a given patient is dependent on careful microscopic evaluation of a sample of the tumor from surgery. This job is performed by neuropathologists. In addition to carefully studying a tumor sample microscopically, neuropathologists will often perform additional tests on the tumor material to help define it as accurately as possible. Different proteins are known to be expressed at different levels by specific types of brain tumors. Neuropathologists can test for these differential protein expression patterns using a technique called immunohistochemistry. In addition, neuropathologists are increasingly evaluating tumor samples for various mutations in specific genes known to affect different types of brain tumors. These additional tests involve molecular biology techniques. A thorough evaluation of a tumor sample, including immunohistochemical and molecular biology tests can take 1-2 weeks.
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