There is no universally accepted medical cure for lymphedema, but there are surgical techniques that are promising that involve microsurgery to restore lymphatic flow to areas where the lymphatic drainage has been impaired. There are, however, effective measures for reducing limb swelling and managing the lymphedema. This multimodal treatment is called complex decongestive therapy, and comprises manual lymph drainage, compression, exercise and meticulous skin care.
Currently, there is no cure for lymphedema. Lymphedema can be treated in several ways. Mild lymphedema can be treated by elevating the affected limb and the use of compression bandages. More severe lymphedema requires additional wrapping and is treated by lymphedema specialists. Exercise is also part of both prevention and treatment of lymphedema. Fortunately, lymphedema is less common due to the use of sentinel lymph node biopsy, which reduces the risk of lymphedema developing.
Lymphedema caused by axillary surgery indeed has reduced upper limb lymphedema from about 24 percent to 7 percent with the common use of sentinel node biopsy. But unfortunately, the addition of adjuvent breast radiotherapy brings the rate back up to 24 percent and adds the risk of breast lymphedema to the risk of upper limb lymphedema. (See Ronka 2004, 2005).
Sentinel node dissection reduces the rate of upper limb lymphedema, but the following breast irradiation brings with it an increased rate of breast lymphedema, which is more difficult to manage because of the absence of a muscle pump to aid in the draining of affected areas, the difficulty in providing compression, and the severe risk of recurrent infection (delayed breast cellulitis).
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